Surgical atlas: Primary hypospadias repair with buccal mucosa.

The term ‘hypospadias’ is derived from the Greek ‘hypo’, meaning under, and ‘spandon’, meaning rent or fissure. It is one of the most common anomalies of the external genitalia in males, with a prevalence of up to 3 per 1000 male births. More than 300 operations for its correction, and modifications of these, have been described in innumerable articles. This implies that there is no single ideal solution for all cases and some problems remain unresolved. When E. Durham Smith stated in 1997: ‘There is nothing new in surgery not previously described’ [1], this is especially true for hypospadias repair. Most ‘new’ techniques, principles and ideas have already been described before.